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本篇內(nèi)容介紹了“LINQ動(dòng)態(tài)查詢的方法有哪些”的有關(guān)知識(shí),在實(shí)際案例的操作過程中,不少人都會(huì)遇到這樣的困境,接下來就讓小編帶領(lǐng)大家學(xué)習(xí)一下如何處理這些情況吧!希望大家仔細(xì)閱讀,能夠?qū)W有所成!
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在LINQ動(dòng)態(tài)查詢中,Lambda表達(dá)式是許多標(biāo)準(zhǔn)查詢運(yùn)算符的基礎(chǔ),編譯器創(chuàng)建lambda表達(dá)式以捕獲基礎(chǔ)查詢方法(例如 Where、Select、Order By、Take While 以及其他方法)中定義的計(jì)算。表達(dá)式目錄樹用于針對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)源的結(jié)構(gòu)化查詢,這些數(shù)據(jù)源實(shí)現(xiàn)IQueryable
例如,LINQ to SQL 提供程序?qū)崿F(xiàn) IQueryable
表達(dá)式目錄樹在LINQ中用于表示分配給類型為Expression
System.Linq.Expressions命名空間提供用于手動(dòng)生成表達(dá)式目錄樹的API。Expression類包含創(chuàng)建特定類型的表達(dá)式目錄樹節(jié)點(diǎn)的靜態(tài)工廠方法,例如,ParameterExpression(表示一個(gè)已命名的參數(shù)表達(dá)式)或 MethodCallExpression(表示一個(gè)方法調(diào)用)。編譯器生成的表達(dá)式目錄樹的根始終在類型Expression
下面幾個(gè)例子描述如何使用表達(dá)式目錄樹來創(chuàng)建LINQ動(dòng)態(tài)查詢。
1.LINQ動(dòng)態(tài)查詢之Select下面例子說明如何使用表達(dá)式樹依據(jù) IQueryable 數(shù)據(jù)源構(gòu)造一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)查詢,查詢出每個(gè)顧客的ContactName,并用GetCommand方法獲取其生成SQL語(yǔ)句。
//依據(jù)IQueryable數(shù)據(jù)源構(gòu)造一個(gè)查詢 IQueryable custs = db.Customers; //組建一個(gè)表達(dá)式樹來創(chuàng)建一個(gè)參數(shù) ParameterExpression param = Expression.Parameter(typeof(Customer), "c"); //組建表達(dá)式樹: c.ContactNameExpression selector = Expression.Property(param, typeof(Customer).GetProperty("ContactName"));Expression pred = Expression.Lambda(selector, param); //組建表達(dá)式樹: Select(c=>c.ContactName)Expression expr = Expression.Call(typeof(Queryable), "Select", new Type[] { typeof(Customer), typeof(string) }, Expression.Constant(custs), pred); //使用表達(dá)式樹來生成動(dòng)態(tài)查詢 IQueryablequery = db.Customers.AsQueryable() .Provider.CreateQuery (expr); //使用GetCommand方法獲取SQL語(yǔ)句 System.Data.Common.DbCommand cmd = db.GetCommand(query);Console.WriteLine(cmd.CommandText);
生成的SQL語(yǔ)句為:
SELECT [t0].[ContactName] FROM [dbo].[Customers] AS [t0]
2.LINQ動(dòng)態(tài)查詢之Where下面一個(gè)例子是“搭建”Where用法來動(dòng)態(tài)查詢城市在倫敦的顧客。
IQueryable custs = db.Customers; //創(chuàng)建一個(gè)參數(shù) cParameterExpression param = Expression.Parameter(typeof(Customer), "c"); c.City=="London"Expression left = Expression.Property(param, typeof(Customer).GetProperty("City"));Expression right = Expression.Constant("London");Expression filter = Expression.Equal(left, right);Expression pred = Expression.Lambda(filter, param); Where(c=>c.City=="London")Expression expr = Expression.Call(typeof(Queryable), "Where", new Type[] { typeof(Customer) }, Expression.Constant(custs), pred); //生成動(dòng)態(tài)查詢IQueryable query = db.Customers.AsQueryable() .Provider.CreateQuery(expr);
生成的SQL語(yǔ)句為:
SELECT [t0].[CustomerID], [t0].[CompanyName], [t0].[ContactName], [t0].[ContactTitle], [t0].[Address], [t0].[City], [t0].[Region], [t0].[PostalCode], [t0].[Country], [t0].[Phone], [t0].[Fax]FROM [dbo].[Customers] AS [t0] WHERE [t0].[City] = @p0-- @p0: Input NVarChar (Size = 6; Prec = 0; Scale = 0) [London]
3.LINQ動(dòng)態(tài)查詢之OrderBy本例既實(shí)現(xiàn)排序功能又實(shí)現(xiàn)了過濾功能。
IQueryable custs = db.Customers; //創(chuàng)建一個(gè)參數(shù)cParameterExpression param = Expression.Parameter(typeof(Customer), "c"); c.City=="London"Expression left = Expression.Property(param, typeof(Customer).GetProperty("City"));Expression right = Expression.Constant("London"); Expression filter = Expression.Equal(left, right);Expression pred = Expression.Lambda(filter, param); Where(c=>c.City=="London")MethodCallExpression whereCallExpression = Expression.Call( typeof(Queryable), "Where", new Type[] { typeof(Customer) }, Expression.Constant(custs), pred); OrderBy(ContactName => ContactName)MethodCallExpression orderByCallExpression = Expression.Call( typeof(Queryable), "OrderBy", new Type[] { typeof(Customer), typeof(string) }, whereCallExpression, Expression.Lambda(Expression.Property (param, "ContactName"), param)); //生成動(dòng)態(tài)查詢 IQueryable query = db.Customers.AsQueryable().Provider.CreateQuery(orderByCallExpression);
生成的SQL語(yǔ)句為:
SELECT [t0].[CustomerID], [t0].[CompanyName], [t0].[ContactName], [t0].[ContactTitle], [t0].[Address], [t0].[City], [t0].[Region],[t0].[PostalCode], [t0].[Country], [t0].[Phone], [t0].[Fax]FROM [dbo].[Customers] AS [t0] WHERE [t0].[City] = @p0ORDER BY [t0].[ContactName]-- @p0: Input NVarChar (Size = 6; Prec = 0; Scale = 0) [London]
4.LINQ動(dòng)態(tài)查詢之Union下面的例子使用表達(dá)式樹動(dòng)態(tài)查詢顧客和雇員同在的城市。
//e.CityIQueryable custs = db.Customers; ParameterExpression param1 = Expression.Parameter(typeof(Customer), "e"); Expression left1 = Expression.Property(param1,typeof(Customer).GetProperty("City"));Expression pred1 = Expression.Lambda(left1, param1); c.CityIQueryable employees = db.Employees;ParameterExpression param2 = Expression.Parameter(typeof(Employee), "c");Expression left2 = Expression.Property(param2, typeof(Employee).GetProperty("City"));Expression pred2 = Expression.Lambda(left2, param2); Select(e=>e.City)Expression expr1 = Expression.Call(typeof(Queryable), "Select", new Type[] { typeof(Customer), typeof(string) },Expression.Constant(custs), pred1); Select(c=>c.City)Expression expr2 = Expression.Call(typeof(Queryable), "Select", new Type[] { typeof(Employee), typeof(string) }, Expression.Constant(employees), pred2); //生成動(dòng)態(tài)查詢 IQueryableq1 = db.Customers.AsQueryable().Provider.CreateQuery (expr1);IQueryable q2 = db.Employees.AsQueryable().Provider.CreateQuery (expr2); //并集 var q3 = q1.Union(q2);
生成的SQL語(yǔ)句為:
SELECT [t2].[City] FROM ( SELECT [t0].[City] FROM [dbo].[Customers] AS [t0] UNION SELECT [t1].[City] FROM [dbo].[Employees] AS [t1] ) AS [t2]
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新聞名稱:LINQ動(dòng)態(tài)查詢的方法有哪些
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