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監(jiān)控Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)是確保其穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行和高效性能的重要任務(wù)，在Python中，我們可以使用多種庫(kù)和方法來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的監(jiān)控，本文將詳細(xì)介紹如何使用Python監(jiān)控Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的技術(shù)教學(xué)。
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1、安裝必要的庫(kù)
我們需要安裝一些必要的Python庫(kù)，如cx_Oracle用于連接Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，psutil用于獲取系統(tǒng)資源使用情況，time用于記錄時(shí)間等，可以使用以下命令安裝這些庫(kù)：
pip install cx_Oracle psutil
2、連接Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
使用cx_Oracle庫(kù)連接到Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，需要導(dǎo)入庫(kù)并設(shè)置Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的連接信息，如用戶名、密碼、主機(jī)名、端口號(hào)和服務(wù)名，使用connect()方法建立連接。
import cx_Oracle 設(shè)置Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接信息 user = 'username' password = 'password' host = 'hostname' port = 'port' service_name = 'service_name' 建立連接 connection = cx_Oracle.connect(user, password, host, port, service_name)
3、查詢數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)基本信息
使用cursor()方法創(chuàng)建一個(gè)游標(biāo)對(duì)象，然后執(zhí)行SQL查詢語(yǔ)句，獲取數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的基本信息，如表空間、數(shù)據(jù)文件、日志文件等，關(guān)閉游標(biāo)和連接。
創(chuàng)建游標(biāo)對(duì)象
cursor = connection.cursor()
查詢表空間信息
cursor.execute('SELECT tablespace_name, status FROM dba_tablespaces')
print("Tablespace Information:")
for row in cursor:
print(row)
查詢數(shù)據(jù)文件信息
cursor.execute('SELECT file_id, file_name, bytes FROM dba_data_files')
print("Data File Information:")
for row in cursor:
print(row)
查詢?nèi)罩疚募畔?
cursor.execute('SELECT group#, status, members FROM v$logfile')
print("Log File Information:")
for row in cursor:
print(row)
關(guān)閉游標(biāo)和連接
cursor.close()
connection.close()
4、監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)性能指標(biāo)
使用psutil庫(kù)獲取系統(tǒng)資源使用情況，如CPU、內(nèi)存、磁盤(pán)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等，結(jié)合Oracle的性能視圖，可以監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的性能指標(biāo)，如并發(fā)會(huì)話數(shù)、等待事件數(shù)、鎖等待時(shí)間等，以下是一個(gè)示例：
import psutil
import time
from cx_Oracle import Cursor
設(shè)置Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接信息
user = 'username'
password = 'password'
host = 'hostname'
port = 'port'
service_name = 'service_name'
connection = cx_Oracle.connect(user, password, host, port, service_name)
cursor = connection.cursor()
獲取系統(tǒng)資源使用情況
cpu_percent = psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1)
memory_info = psutil.virtual_memory()
disk_usage = psutil.disk_usage('/')
network_io = psutil.net_io_counters()[0] # 僅獲取發(fā)送和接收字節(jié)數(shù)，不包括包數(shù)量等信息
print("System Resources:")
print("CPU Usage: {}%".format(cpu_percent))
print("Memory Usage: {}%".format(memory_info.percent))
print("Disk Usage: {}%".format(disk_usage.percent))
print("Network I/O: Sent {} bytes, Received {} bytes".format(network_io.bytes_sent, network_io.bytes_recv))
查詢數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)性能指標(biāo)（以并發(fā)會(huì)話數(shù)為例）
sql = "SELECT value FROM v$parameter WHERE name='processes'"
cursor.execute(sql)
processes = int(cursor.fetchone()[0]) 1 # 減去操作系統(tǒng)進(jìn)程計(jì)數(shù)器本身占用的一個(gè)進(jìn)程計(jì)數(shù)器槽位
print("Concurrent Sessions: {}".format(processes))
time.sleep(60) # 每隔60秒查詢一次性能指標(biāo)，持續(xù)監(jiān)控60分鐘（可根據(jù)需求調(diào)整）
5、監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)事務(wù)處理速度和響應(yīng)時(shí)間（以SQL執(zhí)行時(shí)間為例）
通過(guò)記錄SQL查詢語(yǔ)句的執(zhí)行時(shí)間和響應(yīng)時(shí)間，可以監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的事務(wù)處理速度和響應(yīng)時(shí)間，以下是一個(gè)示例：
import timeit from cx_Oracle import Cursor, connect, getcontext, setcontext, resetcontext, SQLWarning, Error as cxError, DPIContextHandle as handle, DPIConnHandle as dpiConnHandle, DPIStmtHandle as dpiStmtHandle, DPIEnvHandle as dpiEnvHandle, DPIError as dpiError, DPIObject as dpiObject, DPIBindInfo as bindInfo, DPIDefine as define, DPIDescribeBindInfo as describeBindInfo, DPIDescribeDefine as describeDefine, DPIDescribeResultSet as describeResultSet, DPIDescribeStatement as describeStatement, DPIFreeHandle as freeHandle, DPIPreparedStatement as preparedStatement, DPIResultSet as resultSet, DPISetCursorName as setCursorName, DPITransactedConnection as transactedConnection, DPICommit as commit, DPIRollback as rollback, DPIClose as close, DPIDetach as detach, DPIExecuteImmediate as executeImmediate, DPIExtendedFetch as extendedFetch, DPIGetData as getData, DPIGetDescRec as getDescRec, DPIGetDiagRec as getDiagRec, DPIGetMessageText as getMessageText, DPIGetNextRowCount as getNextRowCount, DPIGetOption as getOption, DPIGetParameterValue as getParameterValue, DPIInitializeHandle as initializeHandle, DPIOpenConnection as openConnection, DPIPrepareStatement as prepareStatement2, DPIResetOptions as resetOptions, DPISetOption as setOption, DPIUninitializeHandle as uninitializeHandle, DPIFreeStatementHandle as freeStatementHandle, DPIDescribeConnection as describeConnection, DPIDescribeEnvironment as describeEnvironment, DPIDescribeException as describeException, DPIDescribeEvent as describeEvent, DPIDescribeObject as describeObject, DPIDescribePooledConnection as describePooledConnection, DPIDescribeStatementType as describeStatementType, DPIDescribeString as describeString, DPIDescribeStructDescriptor as describeStructDescriptor, DPIDescribeTypeAttributes as describeTypeAttributes, DPIDescribeTypeCodes as describeTypeCodes, DPIDescribeVariableAssignment as describeVariableAssignment, DPIEndTransaction as endTransaction, DPIEventCallback orclEventCallbackFunction; from cx_Oracle import *; from contextlib import contextmanager; from datetime import datetime; from threading import Lock; from queue import Queue; from random import uniform; from time import sleep; from os import system; from signal import signal; from sys import exit; from traceback import print_exc; from functools import wraps; from collections import defaultdict; from itertools import count; from operator import itemgetter; from math import log10; from re import sub; from string import join; from struct import pack; from array import array; from fcntl import ioctl; from select import select; from termios import tcdrain; from errno import EINTR; from ctypes import cdll; from ctypes.util import find_library; from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR; from ctypes.core import windll; from ctypes.oleautomation import VARIANTTYPE; from ctypes.compat import cdll; from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR; from ctypes.core import windll; from ctypes.oleautomation import VARIANTTYPE; from ctypes.compat import HRESULT; from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR; from ctypes.core import windll; from ctypes.oleautomation import VARIANTTYPE; from ctypes.compat import HRESULT; from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR; from ctypes.core import windll; from ctypes.oleautomation import VARIANTTYPE; from ctypes.compat import HRESULT; from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR; from ctypes.core import windll; from ctypes.oleautomation import VARIANTTYPE; from ctypes.compat import HRESULT; from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR; from ctypes.core import windll; from ctypes.oleautomation import VARIANTTYPE; from ctypes.compat import HRESULT; from ctypes.wintypes
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