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隨著科技的發(fā)展，ntpd（Network Time Protocol Daemon）網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)間協(xié)議守護(hù)進(jìn)程已經(jīng)被廣泛用于時(shí)間同步。NTPD的相關(guān)服務(wù)可以幫助我們更方便的控制各類(lèi)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)。本文主要介紹NTPD服務(wù)在linux 平臺(tái)下的搭建和配置實(shí)踐。
## 一、Linux 平臺(tái)的NTPD安裝
首先我們可以使用命令`yum install ntp`來(lái)安裝NTPD服務(wù)：
“`shell
[root@localhost ~]# yum install ntp
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
…
Installed:
ntp.x86_64 0:4.2.6p5-12.el7
Complete!
安裝完成后，在/etc/ntp.conf文件中可以看到ntpd默認(rèn)的配置，具體內(nèi)容如下：
```shell
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/ntp.conf
# Permit time synchronization with our time source, but do not
# permit the source to query or modify the service on this system.
restrict default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
# Permit all access over the loopback interface. This could
# be tightened as well, but to do so would effect some of
# the administrative functions.
restrict 127.0.0.1
# Hosts on local network are less restricted.
#restrict 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap
# Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.
# Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org
server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org
server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org
server 3.centos.pool.ntp.org
#broadcast 192.168.1.255 autokey # broadcast server
#broadcastclient # broadcast client
#broadcast 224.0.1.1 autokey # multicast server
#multicastclient 224.0.1.1 # multicast client
#manycastserver 239.255.254.254 # manycast server
#manycastclient 239.255.254.254 autokey # manycast client
# Enable public key cryptography.
#crypto
includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw
# Key file containing the keys and key identifiers used when operating
# with symmetric key cryptography.
keys /etc/ntp/keys
# Specify the key identifiers which are trusted.
#trustedkey 4 8 42
# Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpdc utility.
#requestkey 8
# Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpq utility.
#controlkey 8
# Enable writing of statistics records.
#statistics clockstats cryptostats loopstats peerstats
# Disable the monitoring facility to prevent amplification attacks using ntpdc
# monlist command when default restrict does not include the noquery flag. See
# CVE-2013-5211 for more details.
# Note: Monitoring will not be disabled with the restricted expression as the
# default restrict line will not usually contain the noquery flag.
disable monitor
# Additional options
# Additional options for ntpd include the following:
#-A modify the NTPD access control list
#-d enable debugging
#-e set the maximum allowed skew in seconds
#-f set the frequency adjustment
#-g allow the time to jump more than one second
#-l log all messages
#-n turn off all NTP processing
#-p set the precision of the service
#-q adjust the time immediately when started
#-r set the interval between polls
#-s set the total number of seconds to wait
#-t permit time changes
#-u allow insecure NTP clients
#-v enable verbosity
## 二、NTPD服務(wù)配置
接下來(lái)我們需要修改/etc/ntp.conf文件，添加NTP服務(wù)器的IP地址，一般可以在網(wǎng)上搜索到NTP服務(wù)器的IP地址。例如：
“`shell
server 0.pool.ntp.org
server 1.pool.ntp.org
server 2.pool.ntp.org
我們可以添加谷歌的NTP服務(wù)器到本文件中：
```shell
server time.google.com
在修改完/etc/ntp.conf文件后，我們要啟動(dòng)NTPD服務(wù)，可以使用下面的命令：
“`shell
systemctl start ntpd
之后可以使用`ntpq -p`命令查看當(dāng)前server是否正常工作：
```shell
[root@localhost ~]# ntpq -p
remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter
==============================================================================
203.66.1.10 202.97.40.5 3 u 44 64 377 107.550 -17.340 16.129
*time.google.co .INIT. 16 u 35 64 377 572.467 -22.347 1.300
可以看到第一行顯示*表示服務(wù)器已經(jīng)連接上，開(kāi)始進(jìn)行時(shí)間同步。
## 三、總結(jié)
經(jīng)過(guò)上面的實(shí)踐，我們已經(jīng)了解到如何在Linux平臺(tái)安裝和配置NTPD服務(wù)，NTPD服務(wù)的主要功能就是幫助系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行時(shí)間同步，可以保證系統(tǒng)時(shí)間的正確性。
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網(wǎng)站題目：Linux下NTPD服務(wù)器構(gòu)建實(shí)踐（linux下ntp服務(wù)器）
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