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python如何解析html

在Python中,解析HTML文檔有多種方法,以下是一些常用的方法:

1、使用BeautifulSoup庫(kù)

BeautifulSoup是一個(gè)用于解析HTML和XML文檔的Python庫(kù),它通常用于網(wǎng)絡(luò)爬蟲(chóng),可以幫助我們輕松地從網(wǎng)頁(yè)中提取所需的信息,要使用BeautifulSoup,首先需要安裝它:

pip install beautifulsoup4

接下來(lái),我們可以使用以下代碼來(lái)解析HTML文檔:

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
html_doc = """


網(wǎng)頁(yè)標(biāo)題


文章標(biāo)題

這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的HTML文檔示例。

鏈接1 鏈接2 """ 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)BeautifulSoup對(duì)象,并將HTML文檔作為參數(shù)傳遞 soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc, 'html.parser') 獲取網(wǎng)頁(yè)標(biāo)題 title = soup.title.string print("網(wǎng)頁(yè)標(biāo)題:", title) 獲取文章標(biāo)題 article_title = soup.find('p', class_='title').b.string print("文章標(biāo)題:", article_title) 獲取所有鏈接 links = soup.find_all('a', class_='link') for link in links: print("鏈接:", link['href'], "文本:", link.string)

2、使用lxml庫(kù)

lxml是一個(gè)高性能的Python庫(kù),用于處理XML和HTML文檔,它基于C語(yǔ)言編寫(xiě),因此速度非??欤褂胠xml,首先需要安裝它:

pip install lxml

接下來(lái),我們可以使用以下代碼來(lái)解析HTML文檔:

from lxml import etree
html_doc = """


網(wǎng)頁(yè)標(biāo)題


文章標(biāo)題

這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的HTML文檔示例。

鏈接1 鏈接2 """ 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)ElementTree對(duì)象,并將HTML文檔作為參數(shù)傳遞 root = etree.fromstring(html_doc, parser=etree.HTMLParser()) 獲取網(wǎng)頁(yè)標(biāo)題 title = root.find('title').text print("網(wǎng)頁(yè)標(biāo)題:", title) 獲取文章標(biāo)題 article_title = root.find('.//p[@class="title"]/b').text print("文章標(biāo)題:", article_title) 獲取所有鏈接 links = root.xpath('//a[@class="link"]') for link in links: print("鏈接:", link.get('href'), "文本:", link.text)

3、使用正則表達(dá)式(不推薦)

雖然可以使用正則表達(dá)式來(lái)解析HTML文檔,但這并不是一種推薦的方法,因?yàn)镠TML結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,正則表達(dá)式很難處理所有的情況,如果你確實(shí)需要使用正則表達(dá)式,可以使用Python的re模塊,以下是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單示例:

import re
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs4_BeautifulSoup
from lxml import etree as lxml_etree, html as lxml_html, fromstring as lxml_fromstring, tostring as lxml_tostring, parse as lxml_parse, etree as lxml_etree_element, Element as lxml_Element, SubElement as lxml_SubElement, tostring as lxml_tostring_element, fromstring as lxml_fromstring_element, Comment as lxml_Comment, ProcessingInstruction as lxml_ProcessingInstruction, Doctype as lxml_Doctype, ElementTree as lxml_ElementTree, register_namespace as lxml_register_namespace, QName as lxml_QName, system_encoding as lxml_system_encoding, geterrortext as lxml_geterrortext, __version__ as lxml__version__, __file__ as lxml__file__, __author__ as lxml__author__, __email__ as lxml__email__, __license__ as lxml__license__, __url__ as lxml__url__, __all__ as lxml__all__, __name__ as lxml__name__, __doc__ as lxml__doc__, __package__ as lxml__package__, __loader__ as lxml__loader__, __builtins__ as lxml__builtins__, __cached__ as lxml__cached__, __spec__ as lxml__spec__, __importlib__ as lxml__importlib__, __import__() as lxml__import__(), findall as lxml_findall, finditer as lxml_finditer, sub as lxml_sub, subn as lxml_subn, search as lxml_search, match as lxml_match, split as lxml_split, translate as lxml_translate, escape as lxml_escape, quote as lxml_quote, unescape as lxml_unescape, maketrans as lxml_maketrans, getattr as lxml_getattr, setattr as lxml_setattr, hasattr as lxml_hasattr, delattr as landroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundlandroidrequestedresource not foundeadvertisingid=673e570d8cec393fb8f9a0ee7d80986e&utm_campaign=%E7%9F%A5%E4%B9%8E%E4%BA%86%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%EF%BC%9F&utm_medium=%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90&utm_term=%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%E6%8D%AE&utm_source=baidu&req_num=1&tj=utf8&referer=https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl&ld=www.google.com&q=python+how+to+parse+html&ved=2ahUKEwitlu7uZvvjAhVJr10KHfTCCMEQvhd6BAgFEAE#v=onepage&q=python%20how%20to%20parse%20html&fir=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwitlu7uZvvjAhVJr10KHfTCCMEQvhd6BAgFEAE Google翻譯cetedResourceId=673e570d8cec393fb8f9a0ee7d80986e&utm_campaign=%E7%9F%A5%E4%B9%8E%E4%BA%86%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%EF

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